Writing in 1780, Paine claims that if America had more forcefully “pursued her advantages” it could have gained independence years ago and calls Americans’ recent hopes for peace a “delusion” (110-111). He praises America’s “abilities and disposition” throughout the war effort, writing that while its people were generally peaceful but could also be “conquerors” when necessary (110).

He enumerates America’s military advantages, such as the land’s “extensiveness,” its resources, and the “universality” of the revolutionary cause. He credits the British attacks on Charleston for reigniting Americans’ passion for independence and explains that while losing Charleston to the British would be a loss, if it could renew Americans’ motivation, then it could ultimately be an advantage.

He posits that the present campaign in Charleston is an unprecedented opportunity which requires careful preparation. He argues if Charleston is not successfully taken by the British that Continental troops should prepare to march out and attack them as they retreat. He explains that because of Britain’s “malicious disposition” towards America it has declared war on France, which has sent naval and land forces to America to aid the Continental troops.

Paine rallies the American people to unify. He assures Americans that while collecting and using taxes is slow in America, it does not mean that the country is in a “general decline” as Britain has claimed.