The Chaneysville Incident

The Chaneysville Incident is a historical mystery novel by David Bradley. It was published in 1981 and won the 1982 PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction. Preceded by South Street, The Chaneysville Incident is the second of two novels by Bradley, who usually writes narrative non-fiction and essays.

The narrator of the novel is John Washington, an African-American historian who comes from humble origins but has worked his way up to become a respected professor in Philadelphia. His girlfriend Judith is a white psychologist. John admits to being troubled by intense anger and emotions that he does not understand. However, he has learned to control and shut out these influences by closing himself off to others. Judith has noticed that he is distant and unemotional, and this is a point of contention in their relationship.

John has tried to distance himself from his past in rural Pennsylvania, but he is forced to return home when he learns that Old Jack, the man who raised him, is dying. Old Jack was a close friend of John’s father Moses, and after Moses committed suicide for unknown reasons, Old Jack took on the task of raising John and serving as his mentor.  When John arrives, Old Jack is close to death but still well enough to talk with Jack about the old days.



Old Jack reminds John of his father’s mysterious death. This gives John the idea to probe into his own family history so that he can try to find the source of his troubling emotions. John is reminded of his childhood and the stories that Old Jack used to tell him about the adventures Moses and his friends had before John was born. At the time, racial prejudice was much more overt and the black people in the area had to develop active strategies to protect themselves.

John analyzes the reactions of these people from the past with the mental tools at his disposal as a historian. He realizes that he takes after his mother, who coped with stories of racial prejudice by becoming cold and disdainful. However, he is also similar to his father and Old Jack in that he prefers to use his wits to escape difficult situations rather than aggression.

After Old Jack passes away, John must visit the powerful Judge Scott in order to learn the contents of his will. Scott, a white man, was secretly friends with Moses, though neither of them could make their relationship commonly known for fear of reprisal. John is surprised by the terms of Old Jack’s will, which encourage him to look more deeply into his family history.



Around this time, John invites Judith to join him. Judith comes quickly and vows to help John find the answers he is looking for because she hopes it might save their relationship. John is not sure he wants to find out more about his father if it will only be painful to him, but Judith encourages him to keep looking into the past because it has been good for his mental health so far.

The two begin to examine the life of John’s great-grandfather C. K. Washington, a free black man who helped slaves escape in the 1850s. John explores the local archives and historical societies until he finds documents related to C. K. While assembling the pieces, a threatening storm sweeps into the area. However, John and Judith set out into the surrounding woods to search for C. K’s grave.

They learn that C. K. and the slaves he was with chose to commit suicide when it was inevitable that they would be caught. The location where C. K. was buried is also the same spot where Moses killed himself. John realizes that his father chose the spot as a way to pay tribute to his ancestor when he could no longer deal with the harshness of the world. Moses knew that he could never be free from racism save through death.



At the end of the book, John tells the story of C. K. to Judith, feeling confident in the telling because he has been able to go beyond the mere facts available in public records and find the truth behind the history. He feels that he has grown as a historian and that all his training has been worth the effort.

In addition, John has grown in his relationship with Judith. He now understands why his father was unable to trust people, especially women, but he also understands his father’s deep love and feels like he can share it. In sharing his story with Judith, he has already become more mature than his father ever was, and in recognizing his troubling emotions and seeking to find the cause of them he has demonstrated a desire to move forward and become a better person.